banana 2

Synonyms[1][2] Malus communis Desf. Malus pumila Mil. M. frutescens Medik. M. paradisiaca (L.) Medikus M. sylvestris Mil. Pyrus malus L. Pyrus malus var. paradisiaca L. Pyrus dioica Moench   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apricot   Synonyms[3] Ornus Boehm. Fraxinoides Medik. Mannaphorus Raf. Calycomelia Kostel. Leptalix Raf. Ornanthes Raf. Samarpses Raf. Aplilia Raf. Meliopsis Rchb. Petlomelia Nieuwl. Synonyms Caesalpiniaceae R.Br. Cassiaceae Link Ceratoniaceae Link Detariaceae (DC.) Hess Hedysareae (Hedysaraceae) Agardh Lathyraceae Burnett Lotaceae Burnett Mimosaceae R.Br. Papilionaceae Giseke Phaseolaceae Ponce de León & Alvares Robiniaceae Welw. Swartziaceae (DC.) Bartl. Subfamilies[4] Caesalpinioideae DC. Cercidoideae LPWG Detarioideae Burmeist. Dialioideae LPWG Duparquetioideae LPWG Faboideae Rudd (syn. Papilionoideae DC.) Synonyms Alepidocalyx Piper 1926 Minkelersia M.Martens & Galeotti 1843 Rudua F. Maek.   Synonyms[1][2] B. alba var. commutata Regel B. alba var. cordifolia (Regel) Regel B. alba var. cordifolia (Regel) Fernald B. alba var. elobata Fernald B. alba subsp. excelsa (Aiton) Regel B. alba subsp. latifolia (Tausch) Regel B. alba var. papyrifera (Marshall) Spach B. alba subsp. papyrifera (Marshall) Regel B. dahurica var. americana Regel B. excelsa Aiton B. grandis Schrad. B. latifolia Tausch B. lenta var. papyrifera (Marshall) Castigl. B. lyalliana (Koehne) Bean B. montanensis Rydb. ex B.T.Butler B. papyracea Aiton B. pirifolia K. Koch B. subcordata Rydb. ex B.T.Butler Hybrid berries[edit] R. phoenicolasius R. hirsutus The term "hybrid berry" is often used collectively for those fruits in the genus Rubus which have been developed mainly in the USA and UK in the last 130 years. As Rubus species readily interbreed and are apomicts (able to set seed without fertilisation), the parentage of these plants is often highly complex, but is generally agreed to include cultivars of blackberries, (Rubus ursinus, R. fruticosus) and raspberries (R. idaeus). The hybrid berries include:-[9] Loganberry (California, USA, 1883) R. × loganobaccus, a spontaneous cross between R. ursinus 'Aughinbaugh' and R. idaeus 'Red Antwerp' Boysenberry (USA, 1920s) a cross between R. idaeus and R. × loganobaccus Veitchberry (Europe, 1930s) a cross between R. fruticosus and R. idaeus Skellyberry (Texas, USA, 2000s), a cross between R. invisus and R. phoenicolasius Marionberry (1956) now thought to be a blackberry cultivar R. 'Marion' Silvanberry, R. 'Silvan', a cross between R. 'Marion' and boysenberry Tayberry (Dundee, Scotland, 1979), another blackberry/raspberry cross Tummelberry, R. 'Tummel', from the same Scottish breeding programme as tayberry Hildaberry (1980s), a tayberry/boysenberry cross discovered by an amateur grower Youngberry, a complex hybrid of raspberries, blackberries, and dewberries Scientific classification[edit] R. caesius R. parviflorus The genus Rubus is a very complex one, particularly the blackberry/dewberry subgenus (Rubus), with polyploidy, hybridization, and facultative apomixis apparently all frequently occurring, making species classification of the great variation in the subgenus one of the grand challenges of systematic botany. Rubus species have a basic chromosome number of seven. Polyploidy from the diploid (14 chromosomes) to the tetradecaploid (98 chromosomes) is exhibited. Some treatments have recognized dozens of species each for what other, comparably qualified botanists have considered single, more variable species. On the other hand, species in the other Rubus subgenera (such as the raspberries) are generally distinct, or else involved in more routine one-or-a-few taxonomic debates, such as whether the European and American red raspberries are better treated as one species or two. (In this case, the two-species view is followed here, with Rubus idaeus and R. strigosus both recognized; if these species are combined, then the older name R. idaeus has priority for the broader species.) Molecular data have backed up classifications based on geography and chromosome number, but following morphological data, such as the structure of the leaves and stems, do not appear to produce a phylogenetic classification.[10] The classification presented below[citation needed] recognizes 13 subgenera within Rubus, with the largest subgenus (Rubus) in turn divided into 12 sections. Representative examples are presented, but many more species are not mentioned here. R. idaeus R. fruticosus R. laciniatus R. hawaiensis R. spectabilis var. spectabilis Commercially produced R. strigosus raspberries R. rosifolius     Synonyms[2] List[hide] Acer californicum var. texanum Pax Acer fauriei H.Lév. & Vaniot Acer fraxinifolium Nutt. Acer fraxinifolium Raf. Acer lobatum Raf. Acer negundo subsp. typicum (L.) Wesm. Acer negundo var. vulgare (L.) Pax Acer nuttallii (Nieuwl.) Lyon Acer trifoliatum Raf. Acer violaceum (Booth ex G.Kirchn.) Simonk. Negundo aceroides var. violaceum G. Kirchn. Negundo aceroides subsp. violaceus (Booth ex G. Kirchn.) W.A. Weber Negundo fraxinifolium var. crispum Loudon Negundo fraxinifolium var. violaceum Booth ex Loudon Negundo negundo (L.) H. Karst. Negundo texanum (Pax) Rydb. Rulac negundo (L.) Hitchc.\   Selected species[edit] Europe, northwest Africa, Asia[edit] Buxus austro-yunnanensis (Yunnan box; southwest China) Buxus balearica (Balearic box; Balearic Islands, southern Spain, northwest Africa) Buxus bodinieri (China) Buxus cephalantha (China) Buxus cochinchinensis (Malaysia) Buxus colchica (Georgian box; western Caucasus; considered also a syn. of B. sempervirens) Buxus hainanensis (Hainan box; China: Hainan) Buxus harlandii (Harland's box; southern China) Buxus hebecarpa (China) Buxus henryi (Henry's box; China) Buxus hyrcana (Caspian box; Alborz, eastern Caucasus; considered also a syn. of B. sempervirens) Buxus ichangensis (China) Buxus latistyla (China) Buxus linearifolia (China) Buxus megistophylla (China) Buxus microphylla (Japanese box; Korea, China; long cultivated in Japan) Buxus mollicula (China) Buxus myrica (China) Buxus papillosa (western Himalaya) Buxus pubiramea (China) Buxus rivularis (Philippines) Buxus rolfei (Borneo) Buxus rugulosa (China, eastern Himalaya) Buxus rupicola (Malaysia) Buxus sempervirens (Common box or European box; western and southern Europe, except far southwest) Buxus sinica (Chinese box; China, Korea, Japan) Buxus stenophylla (China) Buxus wallichiana (Himalayan box; Himalaya) Africa, Madagascar[edit] Buxus acuminata (Africa: Zaire; syn. Notobuxus acuminata) Buxus calcarea (Madagascar endemic) Buxus capuronii (Madagascar endemic) Buxus hildebrantii (eastern Africa: Somalia, Ethiopia) Buxus humbertii (Humbert's box; Madagascar endemic) Buxus itremoensis (Madagascar endemic) Buxus lisowskii (Congo) Buxus macowanii (Cape box; eastern and northern South Africa) Buxus macrocarpa (Madagascar endemic) Buxus madagascarica (Madagascan box; Madagascar, Comoros) Buxus monticola (Madagascar endemic) Buxus moratii (Madagascar, Comoros) Buxus natalensis (Natal box; eastern South Africa; syn. Notobuxus natalensis) Buxus nyasica (Malawi) Buxus obtusifolia (eastern Africa; syn. Notobuxus obtusifolia) Buxus rabenantoandroi (Madagascar endemic; syn. B. angustifolia GE Schatz & Lowry non Mill.) Americas[edit] Buxus aneura (Cuba) Buxus arborea (Jamaica) Buxus bartletii (Central America) Buxus brevipes (Cuba) Buxus citrifolia (Venezuela) Buxus crassifolia (Cuba) Buxus ekmanii (Cuba) Buxus excisa (Cuba) Buxus heterophylla (Cuba) Buxus imbricata (Cuba) Buxus lancifolia (Mexico) Buxus macrophylla (Central America) Buxus mexicana (Mexico) Buxus muelleriana (Cuba) Buxus olivacea (Cuba) Buxus pilosula (Cuba) Buxus portoricensis (Puerto Rico) Buxus pubescens (Mexico) Buxus rheedioides (Cuba) Buxus vahlii (Vahl's box or smooth box; Puerto Rico; syn. B. laevigata) Synonyms[1] Synonymy[hide] Solanum carolinense f. albiflorum (Kuntze) Benke Solanum carolinense var. albiflorum Kuntze Solanum carolinense var. floridanum (Dunal) Chapm. Solanum carolinense var. pohlianum Dunal Solanum floridanum Raf. 1840 Solanum floridanum Shuttlew. ex Dunal 1852 Solanum godfreyi Shinners Solanum pleei Dunal Species hide Aesculus arguta Aesculus californica Aesculus × carnea Aesculus chinensis Aesculus chinensis var. wilsonii Aesculus flava (A. octandra) Aesculus glabra Aesculus hippocastanum Aesculus indica Aesculus neglecta Aesculus parviflora Aesculus parryi Aesculus pavia Aesculus sylvatica Aesculus turbinata Aesculus wangii = Aesculus assamica Image Scientific name Common Name Distribution Aesculus assamica NE India (Sikkim) eastward to S China (Guangxi) and N Vietnam Aesculus hippocastanum Horse chestnut Europe, native to the Balkans; Northeastern North America[18] Aesculus indica Indian horse chestnut eastern Asia Aesculus × carnea (A. pavia x A. hippocastanum) red horse chestnut Central Europe; cultivated elsewhere Aesculus chinensis Chinese horse chestnut eastern Asia Aesculus chinensis var. wilsonii Wilson's horse chestnut eastern Asia Aesculus californica California buckeye western North America Aesculus flava (A. octandra) yellow buckeye eastern North America Aesculus glabra Ohio buckeye eastern North America Aesculus neglecta dwarf buckeye eastern North America Aesculus parviflora bottlebrush buckeye eastern North America Aesculus parryi Parry's buckeye western North America, endemic to Baja California del Norte Aesculus pavia red buckeye eastern North America Aesculus pavia var. flavescens Texas yellow buckeye, yellow woolly buckeye eastern North America, narrowly endemic to Texas Aesculus sylvatica painted buckeye eastern North America Aesculus turbinata Japanese horse-chestnut Japan Aesculus wangii Horse chestnut eastern Asia Synonyms[2] Ambrosia aptera DC. Ambrosia integrifolia Muhl. ex Willd. Cultivars[edit] Cultivar Image Name Wild cabbage Brassica oleracea var. oleracea Cabbage Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. alba Savoy cabbage Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. sabauda Red cabbage Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. rubra Cone cabbage Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. acuta Gai lan Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra Collard greens Brassica oleracea var. viridis Jersey cabbage Brassica oleracea var. longata Ornamental kale Brassica oleracea var. acephala Kale Brassica oleracea var. viridis Lacinato kale Brassica oleracea var. palmifolia Perpetual kale Brassica oleracea var. ramosa Marrow cabbage Brassica oleracea var. medullosa Tronchuda kale Brassica oleracea var. costata Brussels sprout Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera Kohlrabi Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes Broccoli Brassica oleracea var. italica Cauliflower Brassica oleracea var. botrytis Romanesco broccoli Brassica oleracea var. botrytis Broccoli di Torbole Brassica oleracea var. botrytis Broccoflower Brassica oleracea var. botrytis x italica Broccolini Brassica oleracea var. italica × alboglabra Eastern Hemisphere[edit] Japanese cherry (Prunus serrulata) blossoms Tibetan cherry (Prunus serrula) bark P. africana – African cherry P. apetala – clove cherry P. armeniaca – apricot P. avium – sweet cherry or wild cherry P. brigantina – Briançon apricot P. buergeriana – dog cherry P. campanulata – Taiwan cherry P. canescens – gray-leaf cherry P. cerasifera – cherry plum P. cerasoides – wild Himalayan cherry P. cerasus – sour cherry P. ceylanica P. cocomilia – Italian plum P. cornuta: – Himalayan bird cherry P. davidiana – David's peach P. darvasica – Darvaz plum P. domestica – common plum P. dulcis – almond P. fruticosa – European dwarf cherry P. glandulosa – Chinese bush cherry P. grayana – Japanese bird cherry P. incana – willow-leaf cherry P. incisa – Fuji cherry P. jacquemontii – Afghan bush cherry P. japonica – Japanese bush cherry P. laurocerasus – cherry laurel P. lusitanica – Portugal laurel P. maackii – Manchurian cherry P. mahaleb – Mahaleb cherry P. mandshurica – Manchurian apricot P. maximowiczii – Korean cherry P. mume – Chinese plum P. nipponica – Japanese alpine cherry P. padus – bird cherry P. persica – peach P. pseudocerasus – Chinese sour cherry P. prostrata – mountain cherry P. salicina – Japanese plum P. sargentii – north Japanese hill cherry P. scoparia – mountain almond P. serrula – Tibetan cherry P. serrulata – Japanese cherry P. sibirica – Siberian apricot P. simonii – apricot plum P. speciosa – Oshima cherry P. spinosa – blackthorn, sloe P. ssiori – Hokkaido bird cherry P. subhirtella – winter-flowering cherry P. tenella – dwarf Russian almond P. tomentosa – Nanking cherry P. triloba – flowering plum P. turneriana – almondbark P. ursina – Bear's plum P. × yedoensis – Yoshino cherry P. zippeliana – big-leaf cherry (Chinese: 大叶桂樱) Western Hemisphere[edit] Black cherry (Prunus serotina) in bloom P. alabamensis – Alabama cherry P. alleghaniensis – Allegheny plum P. americana – American plum P. andersonii – desert peach P. angustifolia – Chickasaw plum P. brasiliensis P. buxifolia P. caroliniana – Carolina laurelcherry P. cortapico P. emarginata – bitter cherry P. eremophila – Mojave Desert plum P. fasciculata – wild almond P. fremontii – desert apricot P. geniculata – scrub plum P. gentryi P. gracilis – Oklahoma plum P. havardii – Havard's plum P. hortulana – Hortulan plum P. huantensis P. ilicifolia – hollyleaf cherry P. integrifolia P. maritima – beach plum P. mexicana – Mexican plum P. minutiflora – Texas almond P. murrayana – Murray's plum P. myrtifolia – West Indies cherry P. nigra – Canada plum P. occidentalis – western cherry laurel P. pensylvanica – pin cherry P. pleuradenia – Antilles cherry P. pumila – sand cherry P. rigida P. rivularis – creek plum P. serotina – black cherry P. subcordata – Klamath plum P. subcorymbosa P. texana – peachbush P. umbellata – flatwoods plum P. virginiana –    Trifolium acaule A. Rich. Trifolium affine C. Presl Trifolium africanum Ser. Trifolium aintabense Boiss. & Hausskn. Trifolium albopurpureum Torr. & A. Gray – rancheria clover Trifolium alexandrinum L. – Egyptian clover, berseem clover Trifolium alpestre L. Trifolium alpinum L. – alpine clover Trifolium amabile Kunth Trifolium ambiguum M. Bieb. Trifolium amoenum Greene – showy Indian clover Trifolium andersonii A. Gray – Anderson's clover or fiveleaf clover Trifolium andinum Nutt. – Intermountain clover Trifolium andricum Lassen Trifolium angulatum Waldst. & Kit. Trifolium angustifolium L. Trifolium apertum Bobrov Trifolium argutum Banks & Sol. Trifolium arvense L. – hare's-foot clover Trifolium attenuatum Greene Trifolium aureum Pollich – large hop trefoil Trifolium baccarinii Chiov. Trifolium badium Schreb. Trifolium barbeyi Gibelli & Belli Trifolium barbigerum Torr. – bearded clover Trifolium barnebyi (Isely) Dorn & Lichvar Trifolium batmanicum Katzn. Trifolium beckwithii W. H. Brewer ex S. Watson – Beckwith's clover Trifolium bejariense Moric. Trifolium berytheum Boiss. & Blanche Trifolium bifidum A. Gray – notchleaf clover Trifolium bilineatum Fresen. Trifolium billardierei Spreng. Trifolium bivonae Guss. Trifolium blancheanum Boiss. Trifolium bocconei Savi Trifolium boissieri Guss. ex Soy.-Will. & Godr. Trifolium bolanderi A. Gray Trifolium brandegeei S. Watson Trifolium breweri S. Watson – forest clover Trifolium brutium Ten. Trifolium buckwestiorum Isely – Santa Cruz clover Trifolium bullatum Boiss. & Hausskn. Trifolium burchellianum Ser. Trifolium calcaricum J. L. Collins & Wieboldt Trifolium calocephalum Fresen. Trifolium campestre Schreb. – hop trefoil Trifolium canescens Willd. Trifolium carolinianum Michx. Trifolium caucasicum Tausch Trifolium caudatum Boiss. Trifolium cernuum Brot. Trifolium cheranganiense J. B. Gillett Trifolium cherleri L. Trifolium chilaloense Thulin Trifolium chilense Hook. & Arn. Trifolium chlorotrichum Boiss. & Balansa Trifolium ciliolatum Benth. – foothill clover Trifolium cinctum DC. Trifolium clusii Godr. & Gren. Trifolium clypeatum L. Trifolium congestum Guss. Trifolium constantinopolitanum Ser. Trifolium cryptopodium Steud. ex A. Rich. Trifolium cyathiferum Lindl. – cup clover Trifolium dalmaticum Vis. Trifolium dasyphyllum Torr. & A. Gray Trifolium dasyurum C. Presl Trifolium davisii M. Hossain Trifolium decorum Chiov. Trifolium depauperatum Desv. – cowbag clover, balloon sack clover, or poverty clover Trifolium dichotomum Hook. & Arn. Trifolium dichroanthoides Rech. f. Trifolium dichroanthum Boiss. Trifolium diffusum Ehrh. Trifolium dolopium Heldr. & Hausskn. ex Gibelli & Belli Trifolium douglasii House Trifolium dubium Sibth. – lesser hop trefoil Trifolium echinatum M. Bieb. Trifolium elgonense J. B. Gillett Trifolium eriocephalum Nutt. – woollyhead clover Trifolium eriosphaerum Boiss. Trifolium erubescens Fenzl Trifolium euxinum Zohary Trifolium eximium Stephan ex Ser. Trifolium fragiferum L. – strawberry clover Trifolium friscanum (S.L. Welsh) S.L. Welsh Trifolium fucatum Lindl. – bull clover or sour clover Trifolium gemellum Pourr. ex Willd. Trifolium gillettianum Jacq.-Fél. Trifolium glanduliferum Boiss. Trifolium globosum L. Trifolium glomeratum L. – clustered clover or bush clover Trifolium gordejevii (Kom.) Z. Wei Trifolium gracilentum Torr. & A. Gray – pinpoint clover Trifolium grandiflorum Schreb. Trifolium gymnocarpon Nutt. – hollyleaf clover Trifolium haussknechtii Boiss. Trifolium haydenii Porter Trifolium heldreichianum (Gibelli & Belli) Hausskn. Trifolium hirtum All. – rose clover Trifolium howellii S. Watson – canyon clover or Howell's clover Trifolium hybridum L. – Alsike clover Trifolium incarnatum L. – crimson clover Trifolium israeliticum Zohary & Katzn. Trifolium isthmocarpum Brot. Trifolium jokerstii Vincent & Rand. Morgan Trifolium juliani Batt. Trifolium kingii S. Watson Trifolium lanceolatum (J. B. Gillett) J. B. Gillett Trifolium lappaceum L. Trifolium latifolium (Hook.) Greene Trifolium latinum Sebast. Trifolium leibergii A. Nelson & J. F. Macbr. – Leiberg's clover Trifolium lemmonii S. Watson – Lemmon's clover Trifolium leucanthum M. Bieb. Trifolium ligusticum Balb. ex Loisel. Trifolium longidentatum Nábelek Trifolium longipes Nutt. – longstalk clover Trifolium lucanicum Gasp. ex Guss. Trifolium lugardii Bullock Trifolium lupinaster L. Trifolium macilentum Greene Trifolium macraei Hook. & Arn. – Chilean clover, double-head clover, or MacRae's clover Trifolium macrocephalum (Pursh) Poir. – largehead clover Trifolium masaiense J. B. Gillett Trifolium mattirolianum Chiov. Trifolium mazanderanicum Rech. f. Trifolium medium L. – zigzag clover Trifolium meduseum Blanche ex Boiss. Trifolium meironense Zohary & Lerner Trifolium michelianum Savi. Trifolium micranthum Viv. Trifolium microcephalum Pursh – smallhead clover Trifolium microdon Hook. & Arn. – thimble clover Trifolium miegeanum Maire Trifolium monanthum A. Gray – mountain carpet clover Trifolium montanum L. Trifolium mucronatum Willd. ex Spreng. Trifolium multinerve A. Rich. Trifolium mutabile Port. Trifolium nanum Torr. Trifolium neurophyllum Greene Trifolium nigrescens Viv. Trifolium noricum Wulfen Trifolium obscurum Savi Trifolium obtusiflorum Hook. & Arn. – clammy clover Trifolium ochroleucon Huds. Trifolium oliganthum Steud. – fewflower clover Trifolium ornithopodioides L. Trifolium owyheense Gilkey Trifolium pachycalyx Zohary Trifolium palaestinum Boiss. Trifolium pallescens Schreb. Trifolium pallidum Waldst. & Kit. Trifolium pannonicum Jacq. – Hungarian clover Trifolium parnassi Boiss. & Spruner Trifolium parryi A. Gray Trifolium patens Schreb. Trifolium patulum Tausch Trifolium pauciflorum d'Urv. Trifolium petitianum A. Rich. Trifolium philistaeum Zohary Trifolium phitosianum N. Böhling et al. Trifolium phleoides Pourr. ex Willd. Trifolium physanthum Hook. & Arn. Trifolium physodes Steven ex M. Bieb. Trifolium pichisermollii J. B. Gillett Trifolium pignantii Brongn. & Bory Trifolium pilczii Adamović Trifolium pilulare Boiss. Trifolium pinetorum Greene Trifolium plebeium Boiss. Trifolium plumosum Douglas Trifolium polymorphum Poir. Trifolium polyodon Greene Trifolium polyphyllum C. A. Mey. Trifolium polystachyum Fresen. Trifolium praetermissum Greuter et al. Trifolium pratense L. – red clover[15] Trifolium prophetarum M. Hossain Trifolium pseudostriatum Baker f. Trifolium purpureum Loisel. Trifolium purseglovei J. B. Gillett Trifolium quartinianum A. Rich. Trifolium radicosum Boiss. & Hohen. Trifolium reflexum L. – buffalo clover Trifolium repens L. – shamrock (white clover) Trifolium resupinatum L. – Persian clover, shaftal Trifolium retusum L. Trifolium riograndense Burkart Trifolium roussaeanum Boiss. Trifolium rubens L. Trifolium rueppellianum Fresen. Trifolium salmoneum Mouterde Trifolium saxatile All. Trifolium scabrum L. Trifolium schimperi A. Rich. Trifolium scutatum Boiss. Trifolium sebastianii Savi Trifolium semipilosum Fresen. Trifolium setiferum Boiss. Trifolium simense Fresen. Trifolium sintenisii Freyn Trifolium siskiyouense J. M. Gillett Trifolium somalense Taub. Trifolium spadiceum L. Trifolium spananthum Thulin Trifolium spumosum L. Trifolium squamosum (or maritimum) L. – sea clover Trifolium squarrosum L. Trifolium stellatum L. Trifolium steudneri Schweinf. Trifolium stipulaceum Thunb. Trifolium stoloniferum Muhl. ex A. Eaton – running buffalo clover Trifolium stolzii Harms Trifolium striatum L. – knotted clover Trifolium strictum L. Trifolium subterraneum L. – subterranean clover Trifolium suffocatum L. Trifolium sylvaticum Gérard ex Loisel. Trifolium tembense Fresen. Trifolium thalii Vill. Trifolium thompsonii C. V. Morton – Thompson's clover Trifolium tomentosum L. Trifolium triaristatum Bertero ex Colla Trifolium trichocalyx A. Heller – Monterey clover Trifolium trichocephalum M. Bieb. Trifolium trichopterum Pančić Trifolium tumens Steven ex M. Bieb. Trifolium ukingense Harms Trifolium uniflorum L. Trifolium usambarense Taub. Trifolium variegatum Nutt. – whitetip clover Trifolium vavilovii Eig Trifolium velebiticum Degen Trifolium velenovskyi Vandas Trifolium vernum Phil. Trifolium vesiculosum Savi Trifolium vestitum D. Heller & Zohary Trifolium virginicum Small Trifolium wentzelianum Harms Trifolium wettsteinii Dörfl. & Hayek Trifolium wigginsii J. M. Gillett Trifolium willdenovii Spreng. − tomcat clover Trifolium wormskioldii Lehm. – cow clover Synonyms Camphorina cinnamomum (L.) Farw. Cinnamomum alexei Kosterm. Cinnamomum aromaticum J.Graham Cinnamomum barthii Lukman. Cinnamomum bengalense Lukman. Cinnamomum biafranum Lukman. Cinnamomum bonplandii Lukman. Cinnamomum boutonii Lukman. Cinnamomum capense Lukman. Cinnamomum cayennense Lukman. Cinnamomum cinnamomum (L.) H.Karst. nom. inval. Cinnamomum commersonii Lukman. Cinnamomum cordifolium Lukman. Cinnamomum decandollei Lukman. Cinnamomum delessertii Lukman. Cinnamomum ellipticum Lukman. Cinnamomum erectum Lukman. Cinnamomum humboldtii Lukman. Cinnamomum iners Wight nom. illeg. Cinnamomum karrouwa Lukman. Cinnamomum leptopus A.C.Sm. Cinnamomum leschenaultii Lukman. Cinnamomum madrassicum Lukman. Cinnamomum maheanum Lukman. Cinnamomum mauritianum Lukman. Cinnamomum meissneri Lukman. Cinnamomum ovatum Lukman. Cinnamomum pallasii Lukman. Cinnamomum pleei Lukman. Cinnamomum pourretii Lukman. Cinnamomum regelii Lukman. Cinnamomum roxburghii Lukman. Cinnamomum sieberi Lukman. Cinnamomum sonneratii Lukman. Cinnamomum vaillantii Lukman. Cinnamomum variabile Lukman. Cinnamomum wolkensteinii Lukman. Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume Cinnamomum zollingeri Lukman. Laurus cinnamomum L.[1] Synonyms[1] Caryophyllus aromaticus L. Eugenia aromatica (L.) Baill. Eugenia caryophyllata Thunb. Eugenia caryophyllus (Spreng.) Bullock & S. G. Harrison   Subgenera and sections[1] subg. Chronosemium subg. Trifolium sect. Glycyrrhizum sect. Involucrarium sect. Lupinaster sect. Paramesus sect. Trichocephalum sect. Trifoliastrum sect. Trifolium sect. Vesicastrum Synonyms Amoria C. Presl[2] Bobrovia A. P. Khokhr.[2] Chrysaspis Desv.[2] Lupinaster Fabr.[2] Ursia Vassilcz.[2] Xerosphaera Soják[2] chokecherry Synonyms[2] List[hide] Cerasus serotina (Ehrh.) Loisel. Padus serotina (Ehrh.) Borkh. Padus serotina (Ehrh.) J.Agardh. Prunus capuli Cav. Cerasus capollin DC. ex Ser. Cerasus capollini DC. Cerasus capuli (Cav. ex Spreng.) Ser. Cerasus longifolius Nutt. ex Torr. & A.Gray Cerasus salicifolia (Kunth) Ser. Laurocerasus salicifolia (Kunth) M.Roem. Lauro-cerasus salicifolia (Kunth) M.Roem. Padus capollin (Ser.) M.Roem. Padus capollin (DC. ex Ser.) C.K.Schneid. Padus capuli (Cav. ex Spreng.) Moldenke Padus capulinos Hamelin Padus salicifolia (Kunth) C.K.Schneid. Padus serotina var. salicifolia (Kunth) Belozor Prunus capollin (Cav. ex Spreng.) Zucc. Prunus capuli Cav. ex Spreng. Prunus copallina hort. Padus eximia (Small) Small Prunus eximia Small Padus alabamensis (C.Mohr) Small Padus cuthbertii (Small) Small Prunus australis Beadle Prunus cuthbertii Small Prunus hirsuta Elliott Padus rufula Wooton & Standl. Prunus parksii Cory Prunus rufula (Wooton & Standl.) Tidestr. Prunus rufula (Wooton & Standl.) A.Nelson Prunus virens (Wooton & Standl.) Standl. Prunus virens (Wooton & Standl.) Shreve Prunus cartilaginea Lehm. Prunus novoleontis Standl.   Synonyms[2] List[hide] Prunus cerasus var. avium L. Cerasus avium (L.) Moench Druparia avium (L.) Clairv. Prunus bigarella Dumort. Prunus duracina (L.) Sweet Prunus juliana (L.) Gaudin Prunus nigricans Ehrh. Prunus varia Ehrh. Synonyms Brassica arvensis (L.) Brassica sinapis Vis. Brassica sinapistrum Boiss. Synonyms Ambrosia artemisiaefolia L. Ambrosia chilensis Hook. & Arn. Ambrosia elata Salisb. Ambrosia elatior L. Ambrosia glandulosa Scheele Ambrosia monophylla (Walter) Rydb. Ambrosia paniculata Michx. Ambrosia peruviana Cabrera 1941 not Willd. 1805 nor DC. 1836 Iva monophylla Walter   Synonyms[1][2] Ioxylon pomiferum Raf. Joxylon pomiferum Raf. Maclura aurantiaca Nutt. Maclura pomifera var. inermis C.K.Schneid. Toxylon aurantiacum (Nutt.) Raf. Toxylon maclura Raf. Toxylon pomiferum Raf. Synonyms[2] Allium azureum Ledeb. Allium caerulescens G.Don Allium viviparum Kar. & Kir. Species Coffea abbayesii J.-F.Leroy Coffea affinis De Wild. Coffea alleizettii Dubard Coffea ambanjensis J.-F.Leroy Coffea ambongenis J.-F.Leroy ex A.P.Davis Coffea andrambovatensis J.-F.Leroy Coffea ankaranensis J.-F.Leroy ex A.P.Davis Coffea anthonyi Stoff. & F.Anthony Coffea arabica L. Coffea arenesiana J.-F.Leroy Coffea augagneurii Dubard Coffea bakossii Cheek & Bridson Coffea benghalensis B.Heyne ex Schult. Coffea bertrandii A.Chev. Coffea betamponensis Portères & J.-F.Leroy Coffea bissetiae A.P.Davis & Rakotonas. Coffea boinensis A.P.Davis & Rakotonas. Coffea boiviniana A.P.Davis & Rakotonas. Coffea bonnieri Dubard Coffea brassii (J.-F.Leroy) A.P.Davis Coffea brevipes Hiern Coffea bridsoniae A.P.Davis & Mvungi Coffea buxifolia A.Chev. Coffea canephora ("Coffea robusta") Pierre ex A.Froehner Coffea carrissoi A.Chev. Coffea charrieriana Stoff. & F.Anthony Coffea cochinchinensis Pierre ex Pit. Coffea commersoniana (Baill.) A.Chev. Coffea congensis A.Froehner Coffea costatifructa Bridson Coffea coursiana J.-F.Leroy Coffea dactylifera Robbr. & Stoff. Coffea decaryana J.-F.Leroy Coffea dubardii Jum. Coffea ebracteolata (Hiern) Brenan Coffea eugenioides S.Moore Coffea fadenii Bridson Coffea farafanganensis J.-F.Leroy Coffea floresiana Boerl. Coffea fotsoana Stoff. & Sonké Coffea fragilis J.-F.Leroy Coffea fragrans Wall. ex Hook.f. Coffea gallienii Dubard Coffea grevei Drake ex A.Chev. Coffea heimii J.-F.Leroy Coffea homollei J.-F.Leroy Coffea horsfieldiana Miq. Coffea humbertii J.-F.Leroy Coffea humblotiana Baill. Coffea humilis A.Chev. Coffea jumellei J.-F.Leroy Coffea kapakata (A.Chev.) Bridson Coffea kianjavatensis J.-F.Leroy Coffea kihansiensis A.P.Davis & Mvungi Coffea kimbozensis Bridson Coffea kivuensis Lebrun Coffea labatii A.P.Davis & Rakotonas. Coffea lancifolia A.Chev. Coffea lebruniana Germ. & Kester Coffea leonimontana Stoff. Coffea leroyi A.P.Davis Coffea liaudii J.-F.Leroy ex A.P.Davis Coffea liberica Hiern Coffea ligustroides S.Moore Coffea littoralis A.P.Davis & Rakotonas. Coffea lulandoensis Bridson Coffea mabesae (Elmer) J.-F.Leroy Coffea macrocarpa A.Rich. Coffea madurensis Teijsm. & Binn. ex Koord. Coffea magnistipula Stoff. & Robbr. Coffea malabarica (Sivar., Biju & P.Mathew) A.P.Davis Coffea mangoroensis Portères Coffea mannii (Hook.f.) A.P.Davis Coffea manombensis A.P.Davis Coffea mapiana Sonké, Nguembou & A.P.Davis Coffea mauritiana Lam. Coffea mayombensis A.Chev. Coffea mcphersonii A.P.Davis & Rakotonas. Coffea melanocarpa Welw. ex Hiern Coffea merguensis Ridl. Coffea millotii J.-F.Leroy Coffea minutiflora A.P.Davis & Rakotonas. Coffea mogenetii Dubard Coffea mongensis Bridson Coffea montekupensis Stoff. Coffea montis-sacri A.P.Davis Coffea moratii J.-F.Leroy ex A.P.Davis & Rakotonas. Coffea mufindiensis Hutch. ex Bridson Coffea myrtifolia (A.Rich. ex DC.) J.-F.Leroy Coffea namorokensis A.P.Davis & Rakotonas. Coffea neobridsoniae A.P.Davis Coffea neoleroyi A.P.Davis Coffea perrieri Drake ex Jum. & H.Perrier Coffea pervilleana (Baill.) Drake Coffea pocsii Bridson Coffea pseudozanguebariae Bridson Coffea pterocarpa A.P.Davis & Rakotonas. Coffea racemosa Lour. Coffea rakotonasoloi A.P.Davis Coffea ratsimamangae J.-F.Leroy ex A.P.Davis & Rakotonas. Coffea resinosa (Hook.f.) Radlk. Coffea rhamnifolia (Chiov.) Bridson Coffea richardii J.-F.Leroy Coffea sahafaryensis J.-F.Leroy Coffea sakarahae J.-F.Leroy Coffea salvatrix Swynn. & Philipson Coffea sambavensis J.-F.Leroy ex A.P.Davis & Rakotonas. Coffea sapinii (De Wild.) A.P.Davis Coffea schliebenii Bridson Coffea semsei (Bridson) A.P.Davis Coffea sessiliflora Bridson Coffea stenophylla G.Don Coffea tetragona Jum. & H.Perrier Coffea togoensis A.Chev. Coffea toshii A.P.Davis & Rakotonas. Coffea travancorensis Wight & Arn. Coffea tricalysioides J.-F.Leroy Coffea tsirananae J.-F.Leroy Coffea vatovavyensis J.-F.Leroy Coffea vavateninensis J.-F.Leroy Coffea vianneyi J.-F.Leroy Coffea vohemarensis A.P.Davis & Rakotonas. Coffea wightiana Wall. ex Wight & Arn. Coffea zanguebariae Lour. Synonyms[1] Dracontium foetidum L. Spathyema foetida (L.)Raf. Pothos foetidus (L.) Aiton Ictodes foetidus (L.) Bigelow Pothos putorii Barton Spathyema angusta Raf. Spathyema lanceolata Raf. Spathyema latifolia Raf. Symplocarpus foetidus f. variegatus Otsuka Cotton pests and diseases Cotton field in Sukhumi Botanical Garden, photo circa 1912 Pests Boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis Cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Cotton stainer, Dysdercus koenigii Cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa zea, and native budworm, Helicoverpa punctigera, are caterpillars that damage cotton crops. Some other Lepidoptera (butterfly and moth) larvae also feed on cotton – see list of Lepidoptera that feed on cotton plants. Green mirid (Creontiades dilutus), a sucking insect Spider mites, Tetranychus urticae, T. ludeni and T. lambi Thrips, Thrips tabaci and Frankliniella schultzei Synonyms[1] Cardamine multicaulis Hoppe ex Schur Cardamine scutata var. formosana (Hayata) T.S. Liu & S.S. Ying Cardamine umbrosa Andrz. ex DC.   Species[2] Lamium album L. – (white dead-nettle) – widespread across Europe + northern Asia from Spain + Norway to Japan + Kamchatka; naturalized in New Zealand + North America Lamium amplexicaule L. – (henbit dead-nettle)       – widespread across Europe and northern Asia from Spain + Norway to Japan + Kamchatka, as well as North Africa, Ethiopia, Azores, Madeira, Canary Islands; naturalized in New Zealand, Hawaii, South America + North America Lamium bifidum Cirillo – Mediterranean from Portugal to Romania Lamium caucasicum Grossh. – Caucasus (southern European Russia, Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan) Lamium confertum Fr. – northern Europe from Ireland to northern Russia; naturalized in Greenland + Iceland Lamium coutinhoi J.G.García – Portugal Lamium demirizii A.P.Khokhr. – Turkey Lamium eriocephalum Benth. – Turkey Lamium flexuosum Ten. – Spain, France, Italy, Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia Lamium galactophyllum Boiss. & Reut. – Turkey Lamium galeobdolon (L.) L. – northern + central Europe and western Asia from Spain + Denmark east to Iran + Western Siberia; naturalized in New Zealand + Madeira Lamium garganicum L. – Mediterranean + western Asia from Portugal to Kazakhstan + Saudi Arabia Lamium gevorense (Gómez Hern.) Gómez Hern. & A.Pujadas – Spain, Portugal, Corsica Lamium glaberrimum (K.Koch) Taliev – Crimea Lamium × holsaticum Prahl – central Europe (L. album × L. maculatum) Lamium macrodon Boiss. & A.Huet – Turkey, Caucasus, Syria, Iran, Iraq Lamium maculatum (L.) L. – (spotted white dead-nettle, purple dragon) – Europe + Middle East from Portugal to Turkey; also Gansu + Xinjiang Provinces of western China Lamium moluccellifolium (northern dead-nettle) Lamium moschatum Mill. – eastern Mediterranean (Greece, Turkey, Syria, Palestine, Cyprus) Lamium multifidum L. – Turkey, Caucasus Lamium orientale (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) E.H.L.Krause – Turkey, Syria, Palestine Lamium orvala L. – Austria, Italy, Hungary, Slovenia Lamium purpureum L. (red dead-nettle) – northern + central Europe and western Asia from Spain + Denmark east to Caucasus + Siberia; naturalized in Korea, Taiwan, North America, New Zealand, Argentina, Falkland Islands Lamium taiwanense S.S.Ying – Taiwan Lamium tomentosum Willd. – Turkey, Caucasus, Iran, Iraq Lamium vreemanii A.P.Khokhr. – Turkey Synonyms   Synonyms[1] Carota sylvestris (Mill.) Rupr. Caucalis carnosa Roth Caucalis carota (L.) Crantz Caucalis daucus Crantz Daucus alatus Poir. Daucus allionii Link Daucus australis Kotov nom. illeg. Daucus blanchei Reut. Daucus brevicaulis Raf. Daucus communis Rouy & E.G.Camus Daucus dentatus Bertol. Daucus esculentus Salisb. Daucus exiguus Steud. Daucus glaber Opiz ex Čelak. Daucus heterophylus Raf. Daucus kotovii M.Hiroe Daucus levis Raf. Daucus marcidus Timb.-Lagr. Daucus maritimus With. nom. illeg. Daucus montanus Schmidt ex Nyman Daucus neglectus Lowe Daucus nudicaulis Raf. Daucus officinalis Gueldenst. ex Ledeb. Daucus polygamus Jacq. ex Nyman nom. inval. Daucus scariosus Raf. Daucus sciadophylus Raf. Daucus strigosus Raf. Daucus sylvestris Mill. Daucus vulgaris Garsault nom. inval. Daucus vulgaris Neck. Binomial name Rubus hispidus L. 1753 not Marshall 1785 nor Mercier 1861 nor Hablitz ex Ledeb. 1844 Synonyms[1] Rubus obovalis Michx. Rubus obovatus Elliott Rubus sempervirens Bigelow Selnorition obovalis (Michx.) Raf. ex B.D.Jacks. Rubus davisiorum L.H.Bailey Rubus pervarius (L.H.Bailey) L.H.Bailey Synonyms[1] Synonymy[hide] Hieracium arvense (L.) Scop. Sonchoseris arvensis Fourr. Sonchoseris decora Fourr. Sonchus exaltatus Wallr. Sonchus glandulosus Schur Sonchus hantoniensis Sweet Sonchus hispidus Gilib. Sonchus laevissimus Schur Sonchus nitidus Vill. Sonchus pratensis Schur Sonchus repens Bubani Sonchus vulgaris Rouy Sonchus humilis N.I.Orlova Sonchus ketzkhovelii Schchian Sonchus uliginosus M.Bieb. Blue- or white-fruited dogwoods Paniculate or corymbose cymes; bracts minute, nonmodified; fruits globose or subglobose, white, blue, or black: Subgenus Yinquania. Leaves opposite to subopposite; fall blooming. Cornus oblonga. Cornus peruviana. Costa Rica and Venezuela to Bolivia.[26][27] Subgenus Kraniopsis. Leaves opposite; summer blooming. Cornus alba[Note 2] (Siberian dogwood). Siberia and northern China. Cornus amomum[Note 3] (silky dogwood). Eastern U.S. east of the Great Plains except for the Deep South. Cornus asperifolia (toughleaf dogwood). Southeastern U.S. Cornus austrosinensis (South China dogwood). East Asia. Cornus bretschneideri (Bretschneider's dogwood). Northern China. Cornus coreana (Korean dogwood). Northeast Asia. Cornus drummondii (roughleaf dogwood). U.S. between the Appalachia and the Great Plains, and southern Ontario, Canada. Cornus excelsa. Cornus foemina (stiff dogwood) Southeastern and southern United States. Cornus glabrata (brown dogwood or smooth dogwood). Western North America. Cornus hemsleyi (Hemsley's dogwood). Southwest China. Cornus koehneana (Koehne's dogwood). Southwest China. Cornus macrophylla (large-leafed dogwood; Chinese: 梜椋; pinyin: jiáliáng or jiàliáng). East Asia. Cornus obliqua[Note 4] (pale dogwood). Northeastern and central U.S., and southeastern Canada. Cornus paucinervis. China. Cornus racemosa (northern swamp dogwood or gray dogwood). Northeastern and central U.S., and extreme southeastern Canada. Cornus rugosa (round-leaf dogwood). Northeastern and north-central U.S., and southeastern Canada. Cornus sanguinea (common dogwood). Europe. Cornus sericea[Note 5] (red osier dogwood). Northern and western North America, except Arctic regions. Cornus walteri (Walter's dogwood). Central China. Cornus wilsoniana (Wilson's dogwood). Central China. Cornus × arnoldiana (Hybrid: C. obliqua × C. racemosa). Eastern North America. Subgenus Mesomora. Leaves alternate; summer blooming. Cornus alternifolia (pagoda dogwood or alternate-leaf dogwood). Eastern U.S. and southeastern Canada. Cornus controversa (table dogwood). East Asia. Cornelian cherries Umbellate cymes; bracts modified, non-petaloid; fruits oblong, red; stone walls filled with cavities: Subgenus Afrocrania. Dioecious, bracts 4. Cornus volkensii. Subgenus Cornus. Plants hermaphroditic, bracts 4 or 6 Cornus eydeana. Cornus mas (European cornel or Cornelian-cherry). Mediterranean. Cornus officinalis (Japanese cornel). China, Japan, Korea. †Cornus piggae (Late Paleocene, North Dakota)[28] Cornus sessilis (blackfruit cornel). California. Subgenus Sinocornus. Plants hermaphroditic, bracts 4 or 6 Cornus chinensis (Chinese cornel). China. Big-bracted dogwoods Capitular cymes: Subgenus Discocrania. Bracts 4, modified, non-petaloid; fruits oblong, red. Cornus disciflora. Subgenus Cynoxylon. Bracts 4 or 6, large and petaloid, fruits oblong, red. Cornus florida (flowering dogwood). U.S. east of the Great Plains, north to southern Ontario. Cornus nuttallii (Pacific dogwood). Western North America, from British Columbia to California. Subgenus Syncarpea. Bracts 4, large and petaloid, fruits red, fused into a compound multi-stoned berry. Cornus capitata (Himalayan flowering dogwood). Himalaya. Cornus elliptica Cornus hongkongensis (Hong Kong dogwood). Southern China, Laos, Vietnam. Cornus kousa (Kousa dogwood). Japan and (as subsp. chinensis) central and northern China. Cornus multinervosa. Dwarf dogwoods Minute corymbose cymes; bracts 4, petaloid; fruit globose, red; rhizomatous herb: Subgenus Arctocrania. Cornus canadensis (Canadian dwarf cornel or bunchberry) Northern North America, southward in the Appalachian and Rocky Mountains. Cornus suecica (Eurasian dwarf cornel or bunchberry). Northern Eurasia, locally in extreme northeast and northwest North America. Cornus × unalaschkensis (Hybrid: C. canadensis × C. suecica). Aleutian Islands (Alaska), Greenland, and Labrador and Newfoundland in Canada. Incertae sedis (unplaced) †Cornus clarnensis (Middle Eocene, Central Oregon)[29] Horticultural hybrids Cornus × rutgersensis (Hybrid: C. florida × C. kousa). Horticulturally developed.[30] Binomial name Cornus florida L. Natural range of Cornus florida Synonyms[1] Benthamia florida (L.) Nakai Benthamidia florida (L.) Spach Cornus candidissima Mill. Cynoxylon floridum (L.) Britton & Shafer Swida candidissima (Mill.) Small Cornus urbiniana Rose, syn of subsp. urbiniana Synonyms[1] Synonymy[hide] Achillea acuminata Freyn 1895 not (Ledeb.) Sch.Bip. 1855 Achillea dracunculoides Desf. Achillea fragilis Balb. ex DC. Achillea grandis Fisch. ex Herd Achillea ircutiana Sch.Bip. Achillea lenensis Turcz. ex DC. Achillea leucanthema Pers. Achillea linearis Steud. Achillea maxima Heimerl Achillea multiplex P.Renault Achillea partheniflora Fisch. ex Herder Achillea serrulata Hornem. Achillea sylvestris Gray Alitubus pyrenaicus Dulac Chamaemelum ptarmica (L.) E.H.L.Krause Chrysanthemum ptarmicifolium Puschk. ex Willd. Ptarmica vulgaris Blakw. ex DC. Synonyms[1] Synonymy[hide] Anethum dulce DC. Anethum foeniculum L. Anethum minus Gouan Anethum panmori Roxb. Anethum panmorium Roxb. ex Fleming Anethum piperitum Ucria Anethum rupestre Salisb. Foeniculum azoricum Mill. Foeniculum capillaceum Gilib. Foeniculum divaricatum Griseb. Foeniculum dulce Mill. Foeniculum foeniculum (L.) H.Karst. Foeniculum giganteum Lojac. Foeniculum officinale All. Foeniculum panmorium (Roxb.) DC. Foeniculum piperitum C.Presl Foeniculum rigidum Brot. ex Steud. Ligusticum foeniculum (L.) Roth Ligusticum foeniculum (L.) Crantz Meum foeniculum (L.) Spreng. Meum piperitum Schult. Ozodia foeniculacea Wight & Arn. Selinum foeniculum E.H.L.Krause Seseli dulce Koso-Pol. Seseli foeniculum Koso-Pol. Seseli piperitum Koso-Pol. Tenoria romana Schkuhr ex Spreng. Subfamily: Dryopteridoideae Genus: Polystichum Roth 1800 Species See text Synonyms Acropelta T.Nakai 1953 Adenoderris J.Sm. 1875 Aetopteron Ehrh. ex House 1920 Hemesteum H.Lév. 1915 Hypopeltis Michx. 1803 Papuapteris C. Chr. 1937 Phanerophlebia C. Presl 1836 Plecosorus Fée 1852 Sorolepidium Christ 1911[1 Selected species The genus Polystichum includes, but is not limited to, the following species. In this list, a species name preceded by (=) is considered to be a synonym of the accepted species name above it. Polystichum acanthophyllum (Franch.) H. Christ 1905 Polystichum acrostichoides (Michx.) Schott 1834 – Christmas fern Polystichum aculeatum (L.) Roth ex Mert. 1800 – Hard shield fern Polystichum acutidens H.Christ 1902 Polystichum acutipinnulum Ching & K.H.Shing 1981 (=) Polystichum wuyishanense Ching & K.H.Shing 1981 Polystichum alcicorne (Baker) Diels 1900 Polystichum aleuticum C.Chr. 1936 – Aleutian shield fern Polystichum andersonii Hopkins 1913 – Anderson's hollyfern[19] Polystichum atkinsonii Bedd. 1876 Polystichum australiense Tindale 1954 Polystichum bakerianum (Atk. ex C.B.Clarke) Diels 1899 Polystichum biaristatum (Blume) T.Moore 1858 Polystichum bomiense Ching & S.K.Wu 1983 Polystichum bonapartii Rosenst. 1909 Polystichum bonseyi W.H.Wagner & Hobdy 1993[20] – Bonsey's Hollyfern[21] Polystichum brachypterum (J.F.Gmel.) C.Chr. 1906 – Rusty swordfern[22] Polystichum braunii (Spenner) Fée 1852 – Braun's shield fern, Braun's hollyfern[23] Polystichum brachypterum (Kunze) Ching 1983[24] (=) Polystichum garhwalicum N.C.Nair & Nag 1976 Polystichum bulbiferum Barrington 1989 Polystichum calderonense Proctor 1989 – Monte Guilarte hollyfern Polystichum californicum Diels 1899 – California sword fern Polystichum capillipes (Baker) Diels 1899[25] (=) Polystichum michelii H.Christ 1910 (=) Polystichum minusculum H.Christ 1905 (=) Polystichum molliculum H.Christ 1911 Polystichum castaneum (C.B.Clarke) B.K.Nayar & S.Kaur 1972 Polystichum chilense (H.Chr.) Diels 1899 Polystichum christii Ching 1931 Polystichum chunii Ching 1929 Polystichum craspedosorum (Maxim.) Diels 1899 Polystichum cyclolobum C.Chr. 1916 Polystichum cystostegia (Hook.) J.B.Armstr. 1881 – Alpine shield fern Polystichum deltodon (Baker) Diels 1899 Polystichum dielsii H.Christ 1906 Polystichum discretum (D.Don) J.Sm. 1841 Polystichum drepanum (Sw.) C.Presl Polystichum dudleyi Maxon 1918 – Dudley's sword fern Polystichum duthiei (C.Hope) C.Chr. 1906 (=) Polystichum tsuchuense Ching 1974 Polystichum echinatum (J.F.Gmel.) C.Chr. 1906 – Rusty swordfern[26] Polystichum erosum Ching 1965 Polystichum excellens Ching 1958 Polystichum eximium (Mett. ex Kuhn) C.Chr. 1933 (=) Polystichum tialooshanense Ching 1964 Polystichum falcatipinnum Hayata 1914 Polystichum falcinellum C.Presl 1836 Polystichum fallax Tindale 1955 Polystichum formosanum Rosenst. 1915 Polystichum glandulosum C.Presl 1836 Polystichum gongboense Ching & S.K.Wu 1983 (=) Polystichum rarum Ching & S.K.Wu 1983 Polystichum grandifrons C.Chr. 1934 (=) Polystichum kiusiuense Tagawa 1953[27] Polystichum gymnocarpium Ching ex W.M.Chu & Z.R.He 2001 Polystichum haleakalense Brack. 1854 – Island swordfern[28] Polystichum hancockii (Hance) Diels 1899 Polystichum hecatopteron Diels 1900 Polystichum herbaceum Ching & Z.Y.Liu 1984 Polystichum imbricans (D.C. Eaton)D.H.Wagner 1979 – Narrowleaf sword fern Polystichum incongruum J.P. Roux 1997 Polystichum kruckebergii W.H.Wagner 1966 – Kruckeberg's sword fern/holly fern Polystichum kwakiutlii D.H.Wagner 1990 Polystichum lachenense (Hook.) Bedd. 1865 Polystichum lanceolatum Baker 1880 Polystichum lemmonii Underw. 1900 – Lemmon's holly fern, Shasta fern Polystichum lentum (D. Don) T. Moore 1858 Polystichum lonchitis (L.) Roth 1799 – Holly fern Polystichum longidens Ching & S.K.Wu 1983 Polystichum longipaleatum H.Christ 1909 Polystichum longipes Maxon 1909 Polystichum luctuosum (Kunze) T. Moore 1858 – Mourning shield fern Polystichum macleae (Baker) Diels 1899[29] Polystichum macrochlaenum Ching & S.K.Wu 1983 Polystichum makinoi (Tagawa) Tagawa 1936 Polystichum martini H.Christ 1902 Polystichum mayebarae Tagawa 1934 Polystichum mediocre Ching & S.K.Wu 1983 Polystichum medogense Ching & S.K.Wu 1983 Polystichum microchlamys (H.Christ) Matsum. 1904 Polystichum mohrioides (Bory ex Willd.) C.Presl 1836 Polystichum mollissimum Ching 1983[30] Polystichum monticola N.C.Anthony & Schelpe 1985 – Mountain shield fern Polystichum moorei H.Christ 1903 Polystichum morii Hayata 1918 Polystichum moupinense (Franch.) Bedd. 1892 (=) Polystichum woodsioides H.Christ 1911 Polystichum munitum (Kaulf.) C. Presl 1836 – Western sword fern (=) Polystichum solitarium (Maxon) Underw. ex Maxon 1908 Polystichum muricatum (L.) Fée 1852 (=) Polystichum moritzianum (Klotzsch) Hieron. 1907 Polystichum nakenense Ching[31] Polystichum neolobatum Nakai 1925[32] (=) Polystichum assurgens Ching & S.K. Wu 1983 (=) Polystichum yigongense Ching & S.K. Wu 1983 Polystichum nepalense (Spreng.) C.Chr. 1906 (=) Polystichum atroviridissimum Hayata 1914 Polystichum ningshenense Ching & Y.P.Hsu 1961 Polystichum obliquum (D.Don.) T.Moore 1958 Polystichum omeiense C.Chr. 1906 (=) Polystichum carvifolium (Baker) Diels 1900 Polystichum ordinatum (Kunze) Liebm. 1849 (=) Polystichum bicolor A.R.Sm. 1975[33] Polystichum orientalitibeticum Ching 1983 Polystichum paramoupinense Ching 1983 Polystichum parvipinnulum Tagawa 1937 Polystichum piceopaleaceum Tagawa 1936 Polystichum polyblepharum (Roem. ex Kunze) C.Presl 1851 – Tassel fern (=) Polystichum aculeatum var. japonicum (Franch. & Sav.) Diels 1899 (=) Polystichum setosum (Wall.) Schott 1834 Polystichum prescottianum (Wall. ex Mett.) T. Moore 1858 (=) Polystichum erinaceum Ching & S.K.Wu 1983[34] Polystichum prionolepis Hayata 1914 (=) Polystichum rectipinnum Hayata 1914 Polystichum proliferum – Mother shield fern Polystichum pseudocastaneum Ching & S.K.Wu 1983 (=) Polystichum brunneum Ching & S.K.Wu 1983[35] Polystichum pseudomakinoi Tagawa 1936 Polystichum punctiferum C. Chr. 1931 (=) Polystichum glingense Ching & Y.X.Ling 1984 (=) Polystichum virescens Ching & S.K.Wu 1983 Polystichum pungens (Kaulf.) C.Presl 1836 – Forest shield fern (=) Polystichum lucidum (Burm.f.) Bech. 1937 Polystichum qamdoense Ching & S.K.Wu 1983 (=) Polystichum tumbatzense Ching & S.K.Wu 1983 Polystichum retrosopaleaceum (Kodama) Tagawa 1937 (=) Polystichum aculeatum var. retrosopaleaceum Kodama 1915 Polystichum rhombiforme Ching & S.K.Wu 1983 Polystichum rhomboidea (Schott) Ching 1964 (=) Polystichum rhomboideum Schott 1834 Polystichum richardii (Hook.) J.Sm. 1875 – Common shield fern Polystichum rigens Tagawa 1937 (=) Polystichum platychlamys Ching 1974 Polystichum rotundilobum Ching Polystichum scopulinum (D.C. Eaton) Maxon 1900 – Mountain holly fern, rock sword fern (=) Polystichum mohrioides var. scopulinum (D.C. Eaton) Fernald 1924 Polystichum semifertile (C.B. Clarke) Ching 1936 (=) Polystichum nyalamense Ching 1983 Polystichum setiferum (Forssk.) Moore ex Woyn. 1913 – Soft shield fern (=) Polystichum angulare (Willd.) C. Presl 1836 Polystichum setigerum (C. Presl) C. Presl – Alaska hollyfern[36] Polystichum shensiense H. Christ 1906 (=) Polystichum lichiangense (C.H. Wright) Ching ex H.S. Kung 1989[37] Polystichum silvaticum (Colenso) Diels 1899 Polystichum simplicipinnum Hayata 1915 Polystichum sinense (H.Christ) H.Christ 1905[38] (=) Polystichum atuntzeense Ching 1983 (=) Polystichum austrotibeticum Ching & S.K.Wu 1983 (=) Polystichum decorum Ching & S.K.Wu 1983 (=) Polystichum ellipticum Ching & S.K.Wu 1983 (=) Polystichum fukuyamae Tagawa 1937 (=) Polystichum lhasaense Ching 1983 (=) Polystichum parasinense Cheng-yuan Yang 1972 (=) Polystichum wilsoni H.Christ 1911 Polystichum squarrosum (D.Don) Fée 1852 (=) Polystichum apicisterile Ching & S.K.Wu 1983[39] (=) Polystichum integripinnulum Ching 1983[40] Polystichum stenophyllum H.Christ 1905 var. conaense (=) Polystichum conaense Ching & S.K.Wu 1983[41] Polystichum stimulans (Kunze ex Mett.) Bedd. 1865 (=) Polystichum ilicifolium (D. Don) T. Moore 1858[42] Polystichum submite (H. Christ) Diels 1900 (=) Polystichum paradoxum Ching & Y.P.Hsu 1974 Polystichum tacticopterum (Kunze) T. Moore 1858 (=) Polystichum heteropaleaceum N.C. Nair & Nag 1978[43] (=) Polystichum kodamae Tagawa 1937[44] Polystichum thomsoni (Hook.f.) Bedd. 1866 Polystichum tibeticum Ching 1983 Polystichum transvaalense N.C.Anthony 1982 – Stemmed shield fern Polystichum tripteron (Kunze) C.Presl 1851 Polystichum tsus-simense (Hook.) J.Sm. 1875 – Korean rock fern (=) Polystichum falcilobum Ching 1983 Polystichum vestitum (G.Forst.) C.Presl 1836 – Prickly shield fern Polystichum wattii (Bedd.) C.Chr. 1906 Polystichum whiteleggei Watts 1914 Polystichum xiphophyllum (Baker) Diels 1899[45] (=) Polystichum monotis (H.Christ) C. Chr. 1906 (=) Polystichum praelongum H.Christ 1902 Polystichum yadongense Ching & S.K.Wu 1983 Polystichum yunnanense H.Christ 1909 (=) Polystichum gyirongense Ching 1983[46] (=) Polystichum jizhushanense Ching 1983[47]  Sch. Bip. Synonyms Chrysanthemum parthenium (L.) Bernh. Matricaria parthenium L. Pyrethrum parthenium (L.) Sm. Selected species Subgenus Ficus Ficus amplissima Sm. – bat fig Ficus carica L. – common fig Ficus daimingshanensis Chang Ficus deltoidea Jack – mistletoe fig Ficus erecta Thunb. – Japanese fig Ficus fulva Reinw. ex Blume Ficus grossularioides Burman f. – white-leaved fig Ficus neriifolia Sm. Ficus palmata Forssk. Ficus pandurata Hance Ficus ischnopoda Miq. Ficus simplicissima Lour. (synonym Ficus hirta Vahl) Ficus triloba Buch.-Ham. ex Voigt Ficus vaccinioides King Ficus variolosa Lindl. ex Benth. Subgenus Pharmacosycea Ficus adhatodifolia Schott Ficus apollinaris Dugand Ficus carchiana Berg Ficus crassiuscula Standl. Ficus ecuadorensis Berg Ficus dicranostyla Mildbr. Ficus gigantosyce Dugand Ficus guajavoides Lundell Ficus illiberalis Corner Ficus insipida Willd. Ficus lacunata Kvitvik Ficus macbridei Standl. Ficus maxima Mill. Ficus mutabilis Bureau Ficus mutisii Dugand Ficus nervosa Heyne ex Roth Ficus obtusiuscula Miq. Ficus piresiana Vázquez Avila & Berg Ficus pulchella Schott Ficus rieberiana Berg Ficus tonduzii Standl. Ficus yoponensis Desv. Subgenus Sycidium Ficus andamanica Corner Ficus aspera G.Forst. Ficus bojeri Baker Ficus capreifolia Delile Ficus coronata Spin – creek sandpaper fig Ficus fraseri Miq. – shiny sandpaper fig Ficus fulvopilosa Summerh. Ficus godeffroyi Warb. Ficus greenwoodii Summerh. Ficus heterophylla L.f. Ficus lateriflora Vahl Ficus masonii Baker Ficus montana Burm.f. – oakleaf fig Ficus opposita Miq. – sweet sandpaper fig Ficus scabra G.Forst. Ficus tinctoria G.Forst. – dye fig Ficus ulmifolia Lam. Ficus virgata Blume Ficus wassa Roxb. Subgenus Sycomorus Ficus auriculata Lour. – Roxburgh fig Ficus benguetensis Merr. Ficus congesta Roxb. Ficus dammaropsis Diels – highland breadfruit, kapiak Ficus fistulosa Blume Ficus hispida L. Ficus mauritiana Lam. Ficus minahassae Teijsmann & de Vriese Ficus mollior Bentham Ficus nana Corner Ficus nota Merr. – tibig Ficus pseudopalma Blanco Ficus racemosa L. – cluster fig Ficus septica Burm.f. – hauli tree Ficus sycomorus L., 1753 – sycamore fig (Africa) Ficus variegata Blume Subgenus Synoecia The following species[30] are typically spreading or climbing lianas: Ficus barba-jovis Corner[31] Ficus hederacea Roxb.[31] Ficus laevis Blume[32] Ficus pantoniana King[33] – climbing fig Ficus pumila L.[32] – creeping fig Ficus pumila var. awkeotsang (Makino) Corner – jelly fig Ficus punctata Thunb.[34] Ficus sagittata J. König ex Vahl Ficus sarmentosa Buch.-Ham. ex Sm. Ficus trichocarpa Blume Ficus villosa Blume[35] Subgenus Urostigma Ficus abutilifolia Miq. Ficus albert-smithii Standl. Ficus altissima Blume Ficus amazonica Miq. Ficus americana Aubl. Ficus aripuanensis Berg & Kooy Ficus arpazusa Carauta and Diaz – Brazil[36] Ficus aurea Nutt. – Florida strangler fig Ficus beddomei King – thavital Ficus benghalensis L. – Indian banyan Ficus benjamina L. – weeping fig[37] Ficus binnendijkii Miq. Ficus bizanae Hutch. & Burtt-Davy Ficus blepharophylla Vázquez Avila Ficus broadwayi Urb. Ficus bubu Warb. Ficus burtt-davyi Hutch. Ficus calyptroceras Miq. Ficus castellviana Dugand Ficus catappifolia Kunth & Bouché Ficus caulocarpa Miq. Ficus citrifolia Mill. – short-leaved fig Ficus consociata Bl. Ficus cordata Thunb. Ficus costaricana Miq. Ficus costata Ait.[37] Ficus cotinifolia Kunth Ficus crassipes F.M.Bailey – round-leaved banana fig Ficus craterostoma Mildbr. & Burret Ficus cyathistipula Warb. Ficus cyclophylla (Miq.) Miq. Ficus dendrocida Kunth Ficus depressa Bl. Ficus destruens F.White Ficus drupacea Thunb. Ficus elastica Hornem. – rubber plant Ficus elasticoides De Wild. Ficus enormis Miq. Ficus exasperata Vahl. Ficus faulkneriana Berg Ficus fergusonii (King) T.B.Worth. ex Corner Ficus fischeri Mildbr. & Burret Ficus glaberrima Blume Ficus glumosa Delile Ficus gomelleira Kunth & Bouché Ficus greiffiana Dugand Ficus guaranitica Chodat – Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina[38] Ficus guianensis Desv. Ficus hirsuta Schott Ficus ilicina Miq. Ficus kerkhovenii Valeton[39] – Johore fig Ficus kurzii King Ficus luschnathiana Miq. Ficus ingens Miq. Ficus krukovii Standl. Ficus lacor Buch.-Ham. Ficus lapathifolia Miq. Ficus lauretana Vázquez Avila Ficus lutea Vahl Ficus lyrata Warb. – fiddle-leaved fig Ficus maclellandii King – Alii fig Ficus macrophylla Desf. ex Pers. – Moreton Bay fig Ficus malacocarpa Standl. Ficus mariae Berg, Emygdio & Carauta Ficus mathewsii Miq. Ficus matiziana Dugand Ficus mexiae Standl. Ficus microcarpa L. – Chinese banyan Ficus muelleriana Berg Ficus natalensis Hochst. – Natal fig Ficus obliqua G.Forst. – small-leaved fig Ficus obtusifolia Kunth Ficus pakkensis Standl. Ficus pallida Vahl Ficus panurensis Standl. Ficus pertusa L.f. Ficus petiolaris Kunth Ficus pisocarpa Bl. Ficus platypoda Cunn. – desert fig Ficus pleurocarpa DC. – banana fig Ficus polita Vahl Ficus prolixa G.Forst. Ficus religiosa L. – sacred fig Ficus roraimensis Berg Ficus rubiginosa Desf. – Port Jackson fig Ficus rumphii Blume Ficus salicifolia Vahl – willow-leaved fig Ficus sansibarica Warb. Ficus saussureana DC. Ficus schippii Standl. Ficus schultesii Dugand Ficus schumacheri Griseb. Ficus sphenophylla Standl. Ficus stuhlmannii Warb. Ficus subcordata Bl. Ficus subpisocarpa Gagnep. Ficus subpuberula Corner Ficus sumatrana Miq. Ficus superba Miq. Ficus superba var. henneana (Miq.) Corner Ficus tettensis Hutch. Ficus thonningii Blume Ficus tremula Warb. Ficus trichopoda Baker Ficus trigona L.f. Ficus trigonata L. Ficus triradiata Corner – red-stipule fig Ficus umbellata Vahl Ficus ursina Standl. Ficus velutina Willd. Ficus verruculosa Warb. Ficus virens Aiton – white fig Ficus virens var. sublanceolata (Miq.) Corner – sour fig Ficus watkinsiana F.M.Bailey – Watkins's fig Synonyms[4] Phormium cookianum Le Jol. Phormium cookianum subsp. hookeri (Gunn ex Hook.f.) Wardle[2] Phormium forsterianum Hook. nom. nud. Phormium hookeri Gunn ex Hook.f.[3] Synonyms[1] Acerates decumbens Decne. Asclepias decumbens L. Asclepias elliptica Raf. Asclepias lutea Raf. nom. illeg. Asclepias revoluta Raf. Asclepias rolfsii Britton ex Vail Synonyms[1] Linum crepitans (Boenn.) Dumort. Linum humile Mill. Linum indehiscens (Neilr.) Vavilov & Elladi Unknown subgenus Ficus bibracteata Ficus callosa Willd. Ficus cristobalensis Ficus hebetifolia Ficus tsjahela Burm.f. Synonyms[1] Amphiachyris fremontii (Torr. & A.Gray) A.Gray Gutierrezia fremontii (Torr. & A.Gray) Benth. Amphiachyris spinosa (A.Nelson) A.Nelson Amphipappus spinosus (A.Nelson) A.Nelson Synonyms[1] Black-eyed Susan Synonymy[hide] Centrocarpha gracilis D.Don ex Sweet Centrocarpha hirta D.Don ex Sweet Coreopsis hirta Raf. Helianthus hirtus (L.) E.H.L.Krause Rudbeckia amplectens T.V.Moore Rudbeckia brittonii Small ex Small Rudbeckia monticola Small Rudbeckia divergens T.V.Moore, syn of var. angustifolia Rudbeckia floridana T.V.Moore, syn of var. floridana Rudbeckia lanceolata Bisch., syn of var. pulcherrima Rudbeckia longipes T.V.Moore, syn of var. pulcherrima Rudbeckia sericea T.V.Moore, syn of var. pulcherrima Synonyms[1] Aromadendrum W.Anderson ex R.Br., 1810 Eudesmia R.Br., 1814 Symphyomyrtus Schauer in J.G.C.Lehmann, 1844 Synonyms[1] Synonymy[hide] Helonias viridis (Aiton) Ker Gawl. Veratrum lobelianum var. eschscholtzianum Schult. & Schult.f., syn of var. eschscholzianum Veratrum eschscholtzianum (Schult. & Schult.f.) O.Loes., syn of var. eschscholzianum Veratrum eschscholtzii]] A.Gray, syn of var. eschscholzianum Veratrum viride var. escholtzianoides O.Loes., syn of var. eschscholzianum Veratrum eschscholtzii var. incriminatum B.Boivin, syn of var. eschscholzianum Veratrum eschscholtzii var. typicum B.Boivin, syn of var. eschscholzianum Veratrum viride subsp. eschscholtzii (A.Gray) Á.Löve & D.Löve, syn of var. eschscholzianum Binomial name Cornus kousa F.Buerger ex Hance Synonyms Benthamia kousa (F.Buerger ex Hance) Nakai Cynoxylon kousa (F.Buerger ex Hance) Nakai \ Binomial name Moringa oleifera Lam. Synonyms[1] Guilandina moringa L. Hyperanthera moringa (L.) Vahl Moringa pterygosperma Gaertn. nom. illeg.   Lamium affine Guss. & Ten. in M.Tenore Lamium album var. maculatum L. Lamium cardiaca Cogn. Lamium columnae Ten. Lamium cupreum Schott Lamium cupreum subsp. dilatatum (Schur) Nyman Lamium dilatatum Schur Lamium elegantissimum Schur Lamium foliosum Crantz Lamium grandiflorum Willd. ex Benth. Lamium grenieri Mutel Lamium gundelsheimeri K.Koch Lamium hirsutum Lam. Lamium laevigatum L. Lamium melissifolium Mill. Lamium mutabile Dumort. Lamium niveum Schrad. Lamium pallidiflorum Beck Lamium rubrum Jenk. Lamium rugosum Sol. in W.Aiton Lamium stoloniferum Lapeyr. Lamium tillii Ten. Lamium truncatum Boiss. Lamium villosifolium (R.R.Mill) A.P.Khokhr. Lamium vulgatum var. rubrum Benth. Synonyms Arabis bulbosa Schreb. ex Muhl. Arabis rhomboidea Pers. Cardamine rhomboídea (Pers.) DC. Dentaria rhomboidea (Pers.) Greene Dracamine bulbosa (BSP) Nieuwl.[1]   Diseases See also: List of cotton diseases Alternaria leaf spot, caused by Alternaria macrospora and Alternaria alternata Anthracnose boll rot, caused by Colletotrichum gossypii Black root rot, caused by the fungus Thielaviopsis basicola Blight caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. malvacearum Fusarium boll rot caused by Fusarium spp. Phytophthora boll rot, caused by Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica Sclerotinia boll rot, caused by the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Stigmatomycosis, caused by the fungi Ashbya gossypii, Eremothecium coryli, (Nematospora coryli) and Aureobasidium pullulans   Selected species Subgenus Gossypium Gossypium arboreum L. – tree cotton (India and Pakistan) Gossypium herbaceum L. – Levant cotton (southern Africa and the Arabian Peninsula) Subgenus Houzingenia Gossypium raimondii Ulbr. – one of the putative progenitor species of tetraploid cotton, alongside G. arboreum Gossypium thurberi Tod. – Arizona wild cotton (Arizona and northern Mexico) Subgenus Karpas Gossypium barbadense L. – Creole cotton/Sea Island Cotton (tropical South America) Gossypium darwinii G.Watt – Darwin's cotton (Galápagos Islands) Gossypium hirsutum L. – upland cotton (Central America, Mexico, the Caribbean and southern Florida) Gossypium mustelinum Miers ex G.Watt Gossypium tomentosum Nutt. ex Seem – Maʻo or Hawaiian cotton (Hawaii) Subgenus Sturtia Gossypium australe F.Muell (northwestern Australia) Gossypium sturtianum J.H. Willis – Sturt's desert rose (Australia)[5][6] Formerly placed in genus Gossypium Gossypioides brevilanatum (Hochr.) J.B.Hutch. (as G. brevilanatum Hochr.) Gossypioides kirkii (Mast.) J.B.Hutch. (as Gossypium kirkii Mast.) Kokia drynarioides (Seem.) Lewton (as G. drynarioides Seem.)[6]   Current species There are about 470 species, including: Corydalis ambigua Corydalis aurea Corydalis buschii Corydalis bracteata Corydalis cava Corydalis cheilanthifolia (ferny corydalis) Corydalis chelidoniifolia Corydalis darwasica Corydalis elegans Corydalis filistipes Corydalis flavula Corydalis flexuosa Corydalis heterocarpa Corydalis incisa Corydalis integra Corydalis linstowiana Corydalis micrantha Corydalis nobilis Corydalis ochotensis Corydalis orthoceras Corydalis pallida Corydalis pauciflora Corydalis pauciovulata Corydalis rutifolia Corydalis saxicola Corydalis scouleri Corydalis solida (fumewort) Corydalis vittae Corydalis wilsonii Corydalis yanhusuo Synonyms[1] Synonymy[hide] Carduus amplexicaulis Noronha Sonchus angustissimus Hook.f. Sonchus australis Trevir. Sonchus ciliatus Lam. Sonchus fabrae Sennen Sonchus glaber Gilib. Sonchus gracilis Phil. Sonchus gracilis Sennen Sonchus lacerus Willd. Sonchus laevis Vill. Sonchus longifolius Trevir. Sonchus macrotus Fenzl Sonchus pallescens Pančić Sonchus parviflorus Lej. ex Rchb. Sonchus reversus E.Mey. ex DC. Sonchus rivularis Phil. Sonchus roseus Besser ex Spreng. Sonchus royleanus DC. Sonchus runcinatus (Fiori) Zenari Sonchus schimperi A.Braun & Bouché Sonchus schmidianus K.Koch Sonchus spinulifoius Sennen Sonchus subbipinnatifidus (Guss.) Zenari Sonchus sundaicus Blume Sonchus tenerrimus Schur 1866 not L. 1753 Sonchus umbellifer Thunb. Sonchus zacinthoides DC.   Species[edit] Fagus chienii W.C.Cheng Fagus crenata Blume – Siebold's beech Fagus engleriana Seemen ex Diels – Chinese beech Fagus grandifolia Ehrh. – North American beech Fagus hayatae Palib. ex Hayata – Taiwan beech Fagus japonica Maxim. Japanese beech, Japanese blue beech Fagus longipetiolata Seemen – South Chinese beech Fagus lucida Rehder & E.H.Wilson – shining beech Fagus orientalis Lipsky – Oriental beech Fagus sylvatica L. – European beech Fagus × taurica Popl. – Crimean beech †Fagus subferruginea Wilf et al. 2005[7]