LIST PLANT QRST PART 2

Synonyms
  • A. canadensis var. subintegra Fernald
  • A. confusa Hyl.
  • A. lucida Fernald
  • A. oblongifolia
  • Mespilus canadensis L. (basionym)

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocimum_santalum


 
Synonyms[3][4][5]
  • Allium christophii Trautv., alternate spelling
  • Caloscordum cristophii (Trautv.) Banfi & Galasso
  • Allium albopilosum C.H.Wright
  • Allium bodeanum Regel
  • Allium walteri Regel
 
 
 
 
Synonyms[1]
Synonyms[1]
  • Acerates decumbens Decne.
  • Asclepias decumbens L.
  • Asclepias elliptica Raf.
  • Asclepias lutea Raf. nom. illeg.
  • Asclepias revoluta Raf.
  • Asclepias rolfsii Britton ex Vail
Synonyms
Impatiens biflora Walter
Impatiens fulva Nutt.

 

Synonyms[2]

 

Synonyms[2]
  • Anthopium Raf.
  • Delostylis Raf.
  • Phyllantherum Raf.
  • Huxhamia Garden
  • Trillidium Kunth
  • Esdra Salisb.
  •  
Synonyms[2]

 

North American taxa[edit]

The following species belong to T. subg. Trillium, that is, they bear pedicellate flowers (on a short stalk) but lack mottled leaves.[18]
  • Trillium catesbaei Elliott – Alabama, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee
  • Trillium cernuum L. – Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan; Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin
  • Trillium erectum L. – New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec; Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia
  • Trillium flexipes Raf. – Ontario; Alabama, Delaware, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Maryland,[6] Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin
  • Trillium grandiflorum (Michx.) Salisb. – Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec; Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin
  • Trillium nivale Riddell – Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, West Virginia, Wisconsin
  • Trillium ovatum Pursh – Alberta, British Columbia; California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming
  • Trillium persistens W.H.Duncan – Georgia, South Carolina
  • Trillium pusillum Michx. – Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia,[6] Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia
  • Trillium rugelii Rendle – Alabama, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee
  • Trillium simile Gleason – Georgia, North Carolina, Tennessee
  • Trillium sulcatum T.S.Patrick – Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia
  • Trillium texanum Buckley[19] – Louisiana, Texas
  • Trillium undulatum Willd. – New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec; Connecticut, Georgia, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia
  • Trillium vaseyi Harb. – Alabama, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee
The following species belong to T. subg. Sessilium, that is, they bear sessile flowers (with no stalk) and have mottled leaves.[20]

Asian taxa[edit]

All of the following species belong to T. subg. Trillium, that is, they bear pedicellate flowers.[15]

Other taxa[edit]

  • Trillium delicatum is a recently described species that comprises some central Georgia trillium populations previously thought to be T. decumbens, which it somewhat resembles.[41]
  • Trillium hibbersonii is an improperly published name used in some horticultural contexts.[42] It refers to a dwarf form of T. ovatum, which has the formal name T. ovatum forma hibbersonii.
  • Trillium parviflorum V.G.Soukup is an accepted name by some authorities[43][44] but others regard this name as a synonym of T. albidum subsp. parviflorum (V.G.Soukup) K.L.Chambers & S.C.Meyers.[45][46]
  • Trillium rivale S.Watson[47] has been segregated to a monotypic genus as Pseudotrillium rivale (S.Watson) S.B.Farmer.[48]
  • Trillium × crockerianum Halda is an accepted name for a hybrid whose parents are T. ovatum and T. rivale.[49] Since the latter is now a member of a different genus (Pseudotrillium), T. × crockerianum is an intergeneric hybrid whose viability is in doubt.

Distribution[edit]

Trillium species are native to North America and Asia.[3][4][50]

North America[edit]

More than three dozen Trillium species are found in North America,[3] most of which are native to eastern North America. Just six (6) species are native to western North America: T. albidum, T. angustipetalum, T. chloropetalum, T. kurabayashii, T. ovatum, and T. petiolatum. Of these, only T. ovatum is pedicellate-flowered.

Canada[edit]

Trillium species are found across Canada, from Newfoundland to southern British Columbia. The greatest diversity of species are found in Ontario, Quebec, and Nova Scotia.[3]

United States[edit]

Except for the desert regions of the southwestern United States, Trillium species are found throughout the contiguous U.S. states. In the western United States, species are found from Washington to central California, east to the Rocky Mountains. In the eastern United States, species range from Maine to northern Florida, west to the Mississippi River valley. Trillium species are especially diverse in the southeastern United States, in Georgia, Tennessee, Alabama, North Carolina, and South Carolina.[3] The state of Georgia is home to nineteen (19) species of trillium.
  • Alabama: T. catesbaei, T. cuneatum, T. decipiens, T. decumbens, T. flexipes, T. lancifolium, T. maculatum, T. pusillum, T. recurvatum, T. rugelii, T. sessile, T. stamineum, T. sulcatum, T. underwoodii, T. vaseyi
  • Alaska: none
  • Arizona: none
  • Arkansas: T. pusillum, T. recurvatum, T. sessile, T. viridescens
  • California: T. albidum, T. angustipetalum, T. chloropetalum, T. × crockerianum, T. kurabayashii, T. ovatum
  • Colorado: T. ovatum
  • Connecticut: T. cernuum, T. erectum, T. grandiflorum, T. undulatum
  • Delaware: T. cernuum, T. erectum, T. flexipes, T. grandiflorum
  • District of Columbia: T. cernuum
  • Florida: T. decipiens, T. lancifolium, T. maculatum, T. underwoodii
  • Georgia: T. catesbaei, T. cuneatum, T. decipiens, T. decumbens, T. discolor, T. erectum, T. grandiflorum, T. lancifolium, T. luteum, T. maculatum, T. persistens, T. pusillum, T. reliquum, T. rugelii, T. simile, T. sulcatum, T. underwoodii, T. undulatum, T. vaseyi
  • Hawaii: none
  • Idaho: T. ovatum, T. petiolatum
  • Illinois: T. cernuum, T. erectum, T. flexipes, T. grandiflorum, T. nivale, T. recurvatum, T. sessile, T. viride
  • Indiana: T. cernuum, T. erectum, T. flexipes, T. grandiflorum, T. nivale, T. recurvatum, T. sessile
  • Iowa: T. cernuum, T. flexipes, T. grandiflorum, T. nivale, T. recurvatum
  • Kansas: T. sessile, T. viridescens
  • Kentucky: T. cuneatum, T. erectum, T. flexipes, T. grandiflorum, T. luteum, T. nivale, T. pusillum, T. recurvatum, T. sessile, T. sulcatum, T. undulatum
  • Louisiana: T. foetidissimum, T. gracile, T. ludovicianum, T. pusillum (syn: T. texanum), T. recurvatum
  • Maine: T. cernuum, T. erectum, T. grandiflorum, T. undulatum
  • Maryland: T. cernuum, T. erectum, T. flexipes, T. grandiflorum, T. nivale, T. pusillum, T. sessile, T. undulatum
  • Massachusetts: T. cernuum, T. erectum, T. grandiflorum, T. undulatum
  • Michigan: T. cernuum, T. erectum, T. flexipes, T. grandiflorum, T. nivale, T. recurvatum, T. sessile, T. undulatum
  • Minnesota: T. cernuum, T. flexipes, T. grandiflorum, T. nivale
  • Mississippi: T. cuneatum, T. foetidissimum, T. ludovicianum, T. pusillum, T. recurvatum, T. stamineum
  • Missouri: T. flexipes, T. nivale, T. pusillum, T. recurvatum, T. sessile, T. viride, T. viridescens
  • Montana: T. ovatum
  • Nebraska: T. nivale
  • Nevada: none
  • New Hampshire: T. cernuum, T. erectum, T. grandiflorum, T. undulatum
  • New Jersey: T. cernuum, T. erectum, T. grandiflorum, T. undulatum
  • New Mexico: none
  • New York: T. cernuum, T. erectum, T. flexipes, T. grandiflorum, T. sessile, T. undulatum
  • North Carolina: T. catesbaei, T. cuneatum, T. discolor, T. erectum, T. grandiflorum, T. luteum, T. pusillum, T. rugelii, T. sessile, T. simile, T. sulcatum, T. undulatum, T. vaseyi
  • North Dakota: T. cernuum
  • Ohio: T. cernuum, T. erectum, T. flexipes, T. grandiflorum, T. nivale, T. recurvatum, T. sessile, T. undulatum
  • Oklahoma: T. pusillum, T. sessile, T. viridescens
  • Oregon: T. albidum, T. kurabayashii, T. ovatum, T. petiolatum
  • Pennsylvania: T. cernuum, T. erectum, T. flexipes, T. grandiflorum, T. nivale, T. sessile, T. undulatum
  • Rhode Island: T. cernuum, T. erectum, T. undulatum
  • South Carolina: T. catesbaei, T. cuneatum, T. discolor, T. erectum, T. grandiflorum, T. lancifolium, T. maculatum, T. persistens, T. pusillum, T. reliquum, T. rugelii, T. undulatum, T. vaseyi
  • South Dakota: T. cernuum, T. flexipes, T. nivale
  • Tennessee: T. catesbaei, T. cuneatum, T. decumbens, T. erectum, T. flexipes, T. grandiflorum, T. lancifolium, T. luteum, T. pusillum, T. recurvatum, T. rugelii, T. sessile, T. simile, T. stamineum, T. sulcatum, T. tennesseense, T. undulatum, T. vaseyi
  • Texas: T. gracile, T. pusillum (syn: T. texanum), T. recurvatum, T. viridescens
  • Utah: none
  • Vermont: T. cernuum, T. erectum, T. grandiflorum, T. undulatum
  • Virginia: T. cernuum, T. erectum, T. flexipes, T. grandiflorum, T. pusillum, T. sessile, T. sulcatum, T. undulatum
  • Washington: T. albidum, T. ovatum, T. petiolatum
  • West Virginia: T. cernuum, T. erectum, T. flexipes, T. grandiflorum, T. nivale, T. pusillum, T. sessile, T. sulcatum, T. undulatum
  • Wisconsin: T. cernuum, T. flexipes, T. grandiflorum, T. nivale, T. recurvatum
  • Wyoming: T. ovatum

Asia[edit]

In Asia, the range of Trillium species extends from the Himalayas across China, Korea, Japan, and eastern Russia to the Kuril Islands. The greatest diversity of Trillium species is found on the islands of Japan and Sakhalin.
Synonyms[1]

Synonyms[1]
  • Cardamine multicaulis Hoppe ex Schur
  • Cardamine scutata var. formosana (Hayata) T.S. Liu & S.S. Ying
  • Cardamine umbrosa Andrz. ex DC.


 

Synonyms[1]
Lycopersicon lycopersicum (L.) H. Karst.
Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.

Taxonomy[edit]

Species[edit]

The 67 species include;[6][7]

Manmade hybrids[edit]

Formerly placed here[edit]

 

Synonyms
Amphipleis Raf.
Blenocoes Raf.
Dittostigma Phil.
Eucapnia Raf.
Langsdorfia Raf.
Lehmannia Spreng.
Perieteris Raf.
Polydiclis (G.Don) Miers
Sairanthus G.Don
Siphaulax Raf.
Tabacum Gilib.
Tabacus Moench
Waddingtonia Phil.[2]

 

Synonyms[2]
  • Cephalotos Adans.
  • Mastichina Mill.
  • Serpyllum Mill.

 

Synonyms[1]
 

Classification

A considerable amount of confusion has existed in the naming of thymes. Many nurseries use common names rather than binomial names, which can lead to mix-ups. For example golden thyme, lemon thyme, and creeping thyme are all common names for more than one cultivar. Some confusion remains over the naming and taxonomy of some species, and Margaret Easter (who holds the NCCPG National Plant Collection of thymes in the UK) has compiled a list of synonyms for cultivated species and cultivars.[5]
The most common classification is that used by Jalas, in eight sections: [6]
  • Micantes: Iberian Peninsula and north Africa, includes T. caespititius
  • Mastichina: Iberian Peninsula, includes T. mastichina
  • Piperella: Monotypic section confined to the vicinity of Valencia, Spain
  • Teucrioides: Balkan Peninsula
  • Pseudothymbra: Iberian Peninsula and north Africa, includes T. cephalotos, T. longiflorus and T. membranaceus
  • Thymus: Western Mediterranean region, includes T. camphoratus, T. carnosus, T. hyemalis, T. vulgaris and T. zygis
  • Hyphodromi: Throughout the Mediterranean region, includes T. cilicicus and T. comptus
  • Serpyllum: The largest section, throughout whole region, apart from Madeira and Azores, includes T. comosus, T. doerfleri, T. herba-barona, T. longicaulis, T. pannonicus, T. praecox, T. pulegioides, T. quinquecostatus, T. richardii, T. serpyllum, T. sibthorpii and T. thracicus

Species

About 350 species, including:

Important species and cultivars

Variegated lemon thyme
  • Thymus citriodorus – various lemon thymes, orange thymes, lime thyme
  • Thymus herba-barona (caraway thyme) is used both as a culinary herb and a ground cover, and has a very strong caraway scent due to the chemical carvone.
  • Thymus praecox (mother of thyme, wild thyme), is cultivated as an ornamental.
  • Thymus pseudolanuginosus (woolly thyme) is not a culinary herb, but is grown as a ground cover.
  • Thymus serpyllum (wild thyme, creeping thyme) is an important nectar source plant for honeybees. All thyme species are nectar sources, but wild thyme covers large areas of droughty, rocky soils in southern Europe (both Greece and Malta are especially famous for wild thyme honey) and North Africa, as well as in similar landscapes in the Berkshire and Catskill Mountains of the northeastern US. The lowest growing of the widely used thyme is good for walkways. It is also an important caterpillar food plant for large and common blue butterflies.[11]
  • Thymus vulgaris (common thyme, English thyme, summer thyme, winter thyme, French thyme,[12] or garden thyme)[13] is a commonly used culinary herb. It also has medicinal uses. Common thyme is a Mediterranean perennial which is best suited to well-drained soils and full sun.

Synonyms[1]

Synonyms[1]
  • Chamaemelum tanacetum (Vis.) E.H.L.Krause
  • Chrysanthemum asiaticum Vorosch.
  • Pyrethrum vulgare (L.) Boiss.
  • Tanacetum boreale Fisch. ex DC.
  • Tanacetum crispum Steud.

 
Synonyms[1]
Botanic nameCommon namesDistributionFlowerheadsNotes
Platanus × acerifolia
(P. occidentalis × P. orientalis;
syn. P. × hispanica, P. × hybrida)
London plane, hybrid planeCultivated origin1–6Subgenus Platanus
Platanus chiapensisChiapas planesoutheast Mexico?Subgenus Platanus
Platanus gentryiGentry's planewestern Mexico?Subgenus Platanus
Platanus kerriiKerr's planeLaos, Vietnam10–12Subgenus Castaneophyllum
Platanus mexicanaMexican sycamore, Mexican planenortheast and central Mexico1–4Subgenus Platanus
Platanus oaxacanaOaxaca planesouthern Mexico?Subgenus Platanus
Platanus occidentalisAmerican sycamore, American plane, buttonwood, occidental plane, water beecheastern North America1–2Subgenus Platanus
Platanus occidentalis subsp. rzedowskiiRzedowski's plane, Rzedowskii sycamoreeastern Mexico1-2Subgenus Platanus
Platanus orientalisOriental planesoutheast Europe, southwest Asia3–6Subgenus Platanus
Platanus racemosaCalifornia sycamore, western sycamore, alisoCalifornia, Baja California3–7Subgenus Platanus
Platanus wrightiiArizona sycamoreArizona, New Mexico, northwest Mexico2–4Subgenus Platanus



Sycamore is a name which has been applied to several types of trees, but with somewhat similar leaf forms. The name derives from the ancient Greek συκόμορος (sūkomoros) meaning "fig-mulberry".
Species of trees known as sycamore:
  • Acer pseudoplatanus, a species of maple native to central Europe and southwestern Asia
  • Ficus sycomorus, the sycamore (or sycomore) of the Bible; a species of fig, also called the sycamore fig or fig-mulberry, native to the Middle East and eastern Africa
  • Platanus orientalis, chinar tree (Old World sycamore)

 

 

Accepted species[edit]

There are many species recognized in the genus:[22][23]

Formerly included[edit]

The following species were previously included in the genus Helianthus.[22]

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